Looking after the kidneys

Myeloma can cause complications associated with the kidneys and many patients have, or are at risk of developing renal complications.

It is important that nurses inform all patients with myeloma of the risk of impaired renal function and teach them to be observant for any signs and symptoms (changes in urine output, appearance: cloudy or bloody, and problems passing urine) and to report them as soon as possible. Patients should also avoid over-the-counter non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, large doses of vitamin C, aminoglycoside antibiotics and contrast dyes unless agreed with their healthcare team.

Patients should be encouraged to drink 2-3 litres of fluid per day to maintain kidney health. It may help to show what a litre of fluid is, using visual examples.

Nurses also play an important role in discussing with and advising patients and their families of the benefits of certain lifestyle changes such as stopping smoking, exercise, diet and weight management. These will help reduce the risk of renal problems, or improve renal function.